Reference Guide

Noise Level Comparison Chart

Understanding different sound levels in daily life

8 min read
December 2024

Understanding decibel levels is crucial for protecting your hearing and maintaining a healthy environment. The decibel (dB) scale is logarithmic, meaning each 10 dB increase represents a tenfold increase in sound intensity and roughly a doubling of perceived loudness. This comprehensive comparison chart helps you understand various noise levels you encounter daily and their potential impact on your hearing health.

The Decibel Scale Visualized

0-20 dB
Threshold of hearing
20-40 dB
Whisper
40-60 dB
Quiet office
60-70 dB
Normal conversation
70-80 dB
Vacuum cleaner
80-90 dB
City traffic
90-100 dB
Subway train
100-110 dB
Nightclub
110-130 dB
Ambulance siren
130+ dB
Gunshot

Detailed Noise Level Comparison

0-20 dB

Threshold

Barely audible

Common Examples:

Threshold of hearing
Anechoic chamber
Breathing

20-40 dB

Very Quiet

Very quiet and peaceful

Common Examples:

Whisper
Library
Quiet rural area
Light rain

40-60 dB

Quiet

Comfortable for concentration

Common Examples:

Quiet office
Moderate rainfall
Refrigerator
Normal conversation at home

60-70 dB

Moderate

Acceptable for daily exposure

Common Examples:

Normal conversation
Background music
Air conditioner
Dishwasher

70-80 dB

Moderately Loud

May be annoying; prolonged exposure may cause damage

Common Examples:

Vacuum cleaner
Busy traffic
Alarm clock
Washing machine

80-90 dB

Loud

Potential hearing damage after 8 hours

Common Examples:

City traffic
Lawn mower
Garbage disposal
Noisy restaurant

90-100 dB

Very Loud

Hearing damage after 2 hours exposure

Common Examples:

Subway train
Motorcycle
Power tools
Hair dryer

100-110 dB

Extremely Loud

Hearing damage after 15 minutes

Common Examples:

Nightclub
Rock concert
Chainsaw
Jackhammer

110-130 dB

Dangerous

Pain threshold; immediate damage possible

Common Examples:

Ambulance siren
Thunder
Live rock music
Jet plane at 100m

130+ dB

Painful

Immediate and irreversible hearing damage

Common Examples:

Gunshot
Fireworks
Jet engine
Rocket launch

Understanding Sound Levels in Different Environments

Home Environment

A comfortable home environment typically ranges from 30-50 dB during the day and should be below 40 dB at night for quality sleep. Common household appliances can produce surprising noise levels:

  • Refrigerator: 40-50 dB
  • Dishwasher: 60-70 dB
  • Vacuum cleaner: 70-80 dB
  • Blender: 80-90 dB
  • Smoke alarm: 85-100 dB

Workplace Standards

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) sets legal limits for workplace noise exposure to protect workers' hearing:

  • 90 dB: 8 hours maximum exposure
  • 95 dB: 4 hours maximum exposure
  • 100 dB: 2 hours maximum exposure
  • 105 dB: 1 hour maximum exposure
  • 110 dB: 30 minutes maximum exposure

Urban Noise Pollution

City dwellers are regularly exposed to elevated noise levels that can impact health and quality of life:

  • Busy street: 70-85 dB
  • Construction site: 80-120 dB
  • Subway platform: 90-115 dB
  • Emergency sirens: 110-120 dB
  • Airport runway: 130-140 dB

Entertainment Venues

Entertainment venues often expose patrons to potentially harmful noise levels. Consider hearing protection at these locations:

  • Movie theater: 70-90 dB
  • Sporting events: 90-110 dB
  • Nightclubs: 95-110 dB
  • Rock concerts: 100-115 dB
  • Music festivals: 95-120 dB

Health Impact of Different Noise Levels

The World Health Organization (WHO) and various health agencies have established guidelines for safe noise exposure. Understanding these limits helps protect your hearing and overall health from noise-induced damage.

Safe Exposure Time Limits

85 dB8 hours per dayNIOSH Recommended
88 dB4 hours per dayHalf exposure time
91 dB2 hours per dayCaution advised
94 dB1 hour per dayProtection recommended
100 dB15 minutes per dayProtection required
110 dB1 minute per dayDanger zone

Practical Tips for Managing Noise Exposure

Protecting Your Hearing

  • Use earplugs in noisy environments (concerts, construction sites)
  • Keep personal audio devices at 60% volume or less
  • Take regular breaks from noisy environments
  • Maintain distance from loud sound sources
  • Choose noise-canceling headphones over turning volume up
  • Get regular hearing check-ups if exposed to loud noises

Creating Quieter Spaces

  • Install sound-absorbing materials (carpets, curtains)
  • Use white noise machines for masking unwanted sounds
  • Place rubber mats under appliances to reduce vibration
  • Seal gaps around doors and windows
  • Position noisy equipment away from living spaces
  • Consider double-glazed windows for traffic noise

Understanding the Decibel Scale

Key Facts About Decibels

Logarithmic Scale: The decibel scale is logarithmic, not linear. This means that a 10 dB increase represents a 10-fold increase in sound intensity, but only about a doubling of perceived loudness to human ears.

Reference Point: 0 dB doesn't mean "no sound" – it represents the threshold of human hearing (20 micropascals of sound pressure).

Addition of Sounds: When two sounds of equal intensity combine, the result is only 3 dB louder, not double. For example, two 85 dB sounds together produce 88 dB, not 170 dB.

A-Weighting: Most sound meters use A-weighting (dBA), which adjusts measurements to match human ear sensitivity at different frequencies.